琼海--人民网海南频道--人民网
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??? ???? ???? “??????”-? ???? ???????? ????????? ???, ??? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? Use–mention distinction ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? “???? ???? ?? ?????????;” ?? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? “???? ????? ????????”? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? {{???????? ???|Wiktionary}} ??????
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???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ????????, ???????? ? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??? ????, ??? ???? ??????? ???????, ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????, ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???????—??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????/??? ???? ????? ???
?????????, ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????:???? ????? ?????? ????, ??? ???? ??????????? ? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????; ? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???: ??????, ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ???; ??? ????? ?????: ???????????
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[????????]???? ??? ?????? ????? ??, ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? (stub) ???? ???? , ???? ?????? ???? "????????? ????????" ???????? ???????? ??? ????? Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types ??????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ?
??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???, ???????? ????? ???, any navigation templates, and the category tags, so that the stub category will appear last. It is usually desirable to leave two blank lines between the first stub template and whatever precedes it. As with all templates, stub templates are added by simply placing the name of the template in the text between double pairs of curly brackets (e.g., {{tree-stub}}). Stub templates are transcluded, not substituted.
????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????: ???? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ???,???? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? "????????? ???????????"?? ????? The naming for stub templates usually topic-stub; a list of these templates may be found here. You need not learn all the templates — even simply adding {{stub}} helps (see this essay for more information). The more accurately an article is tagged, however, the less work it is for other sorters later, and the more useful it is for editors looking for articles to expand.
If an article overlaps several stub categories, more than one template may be used, but it is strongly recommended that only those relating to the subject's main notability be used. A limit of three or, if really necessary, four stub templates is advised.
Stub-related activities are centralized at Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting (shortcut Wikipedia:WSS). This project should be your main reference for stub information, and is where new stub types should be proposed for discussion prior to creation.
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[????????]??? ????????? ?????? ????? ? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? administrator ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????
??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??, ???? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?????? {{expand}} ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???
???? ?????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????
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[????????]- ???????????:????????? ??????????? the main list of stub categories and of articles contained within them
- ???????????:????????? deprecated, but still receives a few articles periodically
- Wikipedia: Most wanted stubs
- Special:Shortpages
- By setting stub threshold in Preferences to a maximum number of bytes for a page to be placed in class "stub" for markup purposes.
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[????????]Please propose new stub types at WikiProject Stub sorting/Proposals so that they may be discussed prior to creating them.
In general, a stub type consists of a stub template and a dedicated stub category, although "upmerged" templates are also occasionally created which feed into more general stub categories.
If you identify a group of stub articles that do not fit an existing stub type, or if an existing stub category is growing very large, you can propose the creation of a new stub type which is debated at Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Proposals.
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[????????]????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????? {{Writer-stub}}, ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???:
 | ????, ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? |
{{Writer-stub}} ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????:???????????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????
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[????????]Several guidelines are used to decide whether a new stub type is useful. These include the following:
- Is there a stub type for this topic already? (Check Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types.)
- Will the new type be well-defined? (Stub categories are a tool used by editors to expand articles. Good topic definition makes stubs easier to sort accurately.)
- Does the new stub type cover ground not covered by other type, or create a well-defined subtype that does?
- Will there be a significant number of existing stubs in this category? (Ideally, a newly-created stub type has 100-300 articles. In general, any new stub category should have a minimum of 60 articles. This threshold is modified in the case of the main stub category used by a WikiProject.)
- Would your new stub type overlap with other stub types? (Stub types form a hierarchy and as such are usually split in specific ways. Compare other stub splits at Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types.)
- If you are breaking a subtype out of an existing type, will the new creation reduce the size of the parent by a significant amount? (This is not an absolute necessity, but is often a catalyst for the creation of stub categories. Stub categories containing over 800 articles are typically considered to be "over-sized", and in need of such sub-types.)
If you think you have satisfied these guidelines, it is highly recommended that you propose the new stub type at stub type proposals page. This allows for debate on matters relating to the stub type that may not have occurred to the proposer, and also allows for objections if the split does not satisfy stub guidelines. If there are no objections within five days, you may create the new stub type.
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[????????]Once the creation of a new stub type has been discussed at Wikipedia: WikiProject Stub sorting/Proposals and agreed upon, a template can be created. The name of this should follow the stub type naming conventions, and will usually be decided during the discussion process.
All stub templates should link to a stub category. This may be a category specific to the topic of the template, or the template might be "upmerged" to one or more less specific categories – for example, a template for Andorran history might link to a stub category for European history and a general Andorran stub category. This is often thought to be desirable when a stub type is proposed in anticipation of future use, but is not currently over the size threshold; or where an existing stub type has a finite number of well-defined subdivisions, with some numerically viable as subtypes, and others not.
Adding a small image to the stub template (the "stub icon") is generally discouraged because it increases the strain on the Wikipedia servers but may be used, so long as the image must be public domain or have a free license - fair use images must not be used in templates. Stub icons should be small, preferably no more than about 40px in size.
The standard code for stub templates is found at: {{asbox}}. This template can be used (without substitution).
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[????????]The name of the stub category should also have been decided during the proposal process and will also follow the naming guidelines.
The text of a stub category should contain a definition of what type of stubs are contained in it and an indication of what template is used to add stubs to it. The {{WPSS-cat}} template should also be placed on the category, to indicate that it has been created after debate at Wikipedia: WikiProject Stub sorting/Proposals. The new stub category should also be added to the Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types list.
The new stub category should be correctly added into other categories. These should include at least three specific categories:
- The analogous permanent category ("permcat")
- At least one higher level ("parent") stub category
- Category:Stub categories
Thus, for example, Category:France stubs, should be in an equivalent permcat (Category: France), parent stub category (Category:Europe stubs), and Category:Stub categories.
The creation of stub categories can be partially automated by using {{Stub category}} as follows:
{{Stub Category|article=[[A]]|newstub=B|category=C}}
A: Insert the description of the category here.B: Insert the name of the new stub template here.C: Insert the name of an appropriate parent non-stub category.
In the example given above, the formatting would look like this:
{{Stub Category|article=[[France]]|newstub=France-stub|category=France}}
which would produce this:
 | This category is for stub articles relating to France. You can help by expanding them.
To add an article to this category, use {{France-stub}} instead of {{stub}}. |
This syntax also automatically adds the new category to Category:Stub categories, though parent stub categories and {{WPSS-cat}} still need to be added manually. It also automatically pipes the stub category with "μ", so that appears at the end of the list of subcategories in non-stub category C. This effectively moves it away from navigation categories to place it alongside other editing- and cleanup-related categories.
If you have some doubts or comments regarding any part of the process, do not hesitate to address them at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Stub sorting.
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[????????]When a new WikiProject commences, one of the first things its creators often do is decide whether or not a specific stub type should be created for it. Often there is no real problem, as WikiProject topics frequently coincide with subjects of specific stub types. On other occasions, there will be no specific stub type, and a new type should be proposed.
Occasionally, a WikiProject will seek to have a stub type which runs contrary to the way stubs are normally split, and this can create conflict between that project and WikiProject Stub sorting, or - more important - between that one stub type and one or more other stub types. Even where there is an existing stub type, there may be conflict, as often the definition of a topic as used for stub sorting may not be identical to that used by its specific WikiProject. It should be remembered in cases like this that, while a specific WikiProject may be looking for a solution for its concerns, WikiProject Stub sorting is attempting to make a coherent and cohesive system that works for all editors. The system needs to be as compatible as possible with the needs of all WikiProjects, and also with the needs of casual editors who are not part of any WikiProject.
Assessment templates are a way around this problem, and more often than not a far more useful tool for WikiProjects. Assessment templates have several distinct advantages over stub types for WikiProjects. The templates are placed on article talk pages, where they are less likely to be seen as controversial (the placing of stub templates on controversial articles has frequently been a source of edit-warring). They allow all articles within a topic area to be assessed and catalogued by a project, not just stub articles. They allow an indication to be made of exactly what work needs to be done on an article. They also allow workgroups that are subgroups of WikiProjects to have their own specific templates that are better suited to their tasks.
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[????????]????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?????:
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[????????]
- Wikipedia:Stub Makers
- Wikipedia:Substub
- Help:Section for information on {{expand section}} (formerly called "section-stub"), a related template type used to mark sections of articles
- List of stub templates (or the easier-to-load list of subpages here)
- Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists
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- ???????????:????????? ??????
- Croughton-London rule (essay on when a page is or is not a stub)
- Wikipedia:When to use the generic stub tag
- Wikipedia:Lückenhaft